| THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Laws Of Variation, Summary |
| | Laws Of Variation - Use And Disuse, Etc |
| | Laws Of Variation - Correlated Variability |
| | Causes Which Interfere With The Free Crossing Of Varieties - Influence Of Domestication On Fertility |
| | On The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Changed Conditions Of Life: Sterility From Various Causes |
| | Direct And Definite Action Of The External Conditions Of Life |
| | On The Good Effects Of Crossing, And On The Evil Effects Of Close Interbreeding |
| | Fixedness Of Character - Prepotency - Sexual Limitation - Correspondence Of Age |
| | Provisional Hypothesis Of Pangenesis |
| | Cats, Crossed With Several Species |
| | Direct Effects Of The Conditions Of Life |
| | Different Breeds Found Only In Separated Countries |
| | Ancient Varieties Of The Dog |
| | Pigs - Cattle - Sheep - Goats |
| | On Bud-Variation, And On Certain Anomalous Modes Of Reproduction And Variation |
| | Duck - Goose - Peacock - Turkey - Guinea-Fowl - Canary-Bird - Gold-Fish - Hive-Bees - Silk-Moths |
| | Cultivated Plants: Cereal And Culinary Plants |
| | Plants: Fruits - Ornamental Trees - Flowers |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN 1883 |
| | Provisional Hypothesis Of Pangenesis |
| | The Facts To Be Connected Under A Single Point Of View, Namely, The Various Kinds Of Reproduction |
| | Regrowth Of Amputated Parts |
| | The Direct Action Of The Male Element On The Female |
| | The Functional Independence Of The Units Of The Body |
| | Statement Of The Hypothesis |
| | How Far The Necessary Assumptions Are Improbable |
| | Explanation By Aid Of The Hypothesis Of The Several Classes Of Facts Specified In The First Part |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Pigs - Cattle - Sheep - Goats |
| | Pigs Belong To Two Distinct Types, Sus Scrofa And Indicus |
| | Young Pigs Longitudinally Striped |
| | Decrease In Size Of The Tusks |
| | Curious Appendages To The Jaws |
| | Changes In The Skull Of The Highly Cultivated Races |
| | Fertility Of Crossed Pigs |
| | European Cattle Probably Descended From Three Wild Forms |
| | All The Races Now Fertile Together |
| | On The Colour Of The Aboriginal Species |
| | Constitutional Differences |
| | Origin Of The Various Races Of Cattle |
| | Variations Attached To The Male Sex |
| | Adaptations To Various Conditions |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | On The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Changed Conditions Of Life: Sterility From Various Causes |
| | On The Good Derived From Slight Changes In The Conditions Of Life |
| | Sterility From Changed Conditions, In Animals, In Their Native Country And In Menageries |
| | Mammals, Birds, And Insects |
| | Loss Of Secondary Sexual Characters And Of Instincts |
| | Sterility Of Domesticated Animals From Changed Conditions |
| | Sexual Incompatibility Of Individual Animals |
| | Sterility Of Plants From Changed Conditions Of Life |
| | Contabescence Of The Anthers |
| | Monstrosities As A Cause Of Sterility |
| | Sterility From The Excessive Development Of The Organs Of Vegetation |
| | Incipient Sterility The Primary Cause Of Double Flowers And Seedless Fruit |
| | From Long-Continued Propagation By Buds |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Brief Descriptions Of The Chief Breeds |
| | Arguments In Favour Of Their Descent From Several Species |
| | Arguments In Favour Of All The Breeds Having Descended From Gallus Bankiva |
| | Reversion To The Parent-Stock In Colour |
| | Ancient History Of The Fowl |
| | External Differences Between The Several Breeds |
| | Secondary Sexual Characters |
| | Wing-And Tail-Feathers, Voice, Disposition, Etc |
| | Osteological Differences In The Skull, Vertebrae, Etc |
| | Effects Of Use And Disuse On Certain Parts |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Differences In The Breeds |
| | Individual Variability Of |
| | Direct Effects Of The Conditions Of Life |
| | Breeds Much Modified By Selection |
| | Dark Stripes On The Spine, Legs, Shoulders, And Forehead |
| | Dun-Coloured Horses Most Frequently Striped |
| | Stripes Probably Due To Reversion To The Primitive State Of The Horse |
| | Leg- And Shoulder-Stripes |
| | Shoulder-Stripes Sometimes Absent, Sometimes Forked |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Fixedness Of Character - Prepotency - Sexual Limitation - Correspondence Of Age |
| | Ixedness Of Character Apparently Not Due To Antiquity Of Inheritance |
| | Prepotency Of Transmission In Individuals Of The Same Family, In Crossed Breeds And Species |
| | Often Stronger In One Sex Than The Other |
| | Sometimes Due To The Same Character Being Present And Visible In One Breed And Latent In The Other |
| | Inheritance As Limited By Sex |
| | Newly-Acquired Characters In Our Domesticated Animals Often Transmitted By One Sex Alone, Sometimes Lost By One Sex Alone |
| | Inheritance At Corresponding Periods Of Life |
| | The Importance Of The Principle With Respect To Embryology |
| | As Exhibited In Domesticated Animals: As Exhibited In The Appearance And Disappearance Of Inherited Diseases |
| | Sometimes Supervening Earlier In The Child Than In The Parent |
| | Summary Of The Three Preceding Chapters |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Slight Changes Sufficient |
| | Variability From The Commingling Of Characters And From Reversion |
| | Variability Does Not Necessarily Accompany Reproduction |
| | Causes Assigned By Various Authors |
| | Variability Of Every Kind Due To Changed Conditions Of Life |
| | On The Nature Of Such Changes |
| | Climate, Food, Excess Of Nutriment |
| | Effects Of Grafting On The Variability Of Seedling-Trees |
| | Domestic Productions Become Habituated To Changed Conditions |
| | On The Accumulative Action Of Changed Conditions |
| | Close Interbreeding And The Imagination Of The Mother Supposed To Cause Variability |
| | Crossing As A Cause Of The Appearance Of New Characters |
| | On The Manner And Period Of Action Of The Causes Which Either Directly, Or Indirectly Through The Reproductive System, Induce Variability |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Selection A Difficult Art |
| | Methodical, Unconscious, And Natural Selection |
| | Results Of Methodical Selection |
| | Selection Carried On By The Ancients And By Semi-Civilised People |
| | Unimportant Characters Often Attended To |
| | As Circumstances Slowly Change, So Have Our Domesticated Animals Changed Through The Action Of Unconscious Selection |
| | Influence Of Different Breeders On The Same Sub-Variety |
| | Plants As Affected By Unconscious Selection |
| | Effects Of Selection As Shown By The Great Amount Of Difference In The Parts Most Valued By Man |
| | Natural Selection As Affecting Domestic Productions |
| | Characters Which Appear Of Trifling Value Often Of Real Importance |
| | Circumstances Favourable To Selection By Man |
| | Facility In Preventing Crosses, And The Nature Of The Conditions |
| | Close Attention And Perseverance Indispensable |
| | The Production Of A Large Number Of Individuals Especially Favourable |
| | When No Selection Is Applied, Distinct Races Are Not Formed |
| | Highly-Bred Animals Liable To Degeneration |
| | Tendency In Man To Carry The Selection Of Each Character To An Extreme Point, Leading To Divergence Of Character, Rarely To Convergence |
| | Characters Continuing To Vary In The Same Direction In Which They Have Already Varied |
| | Divergence Of Character, With The Extinction Of Intermediate Varieties, Leads To Distinctness In Our Domestic Races |
| | Limit To The Power Of Selection |
| | Manner In Which Domestic Races Have Originated |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Domestic Rabbits Descended From The Common Wild Rabbit |
| | Origin Of The Himalayan Breed |
| | Curious Case Of Inheritance |
| | Feral Rabbits In Jamaica And The Falkland Islands |
| | Porto Santo Feral Rabbits |
| | Skull Of Half-Lop Rabbits |
| | Variations In The Skull Analogous To Differences In Different Species Of Hares |
| | Effects Of Use And Disuse On The Proportions Of The Limbs And Body |
| | Capacity Of The Skull And Reduced Size Of The Brain |
| | Summary On The Modifications Of Domesticated Rabbits |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Causes Which Interfere With The Free Crossing Of Varieties - Influence Of Domestication On Fertility |
| | Difficulties In Judging Of The Fertility Of Varieties When Crossed |
| | Various Causes Which Keep Varieties Distinct, As The Period Of Breeding And Sexual Preference |
| | Varieties Of Wheat Said To Be Sterile When Crossed |
| | Varieties Of Maize, Verbascum, Hollyhock, Gourds, Melons, And Tobacco, Rendered In Some Degree Mutually Sterile |
| | Domestication Eliminates The Tendency To Sterility Natural To Species When Crossed |
| | On The Increased Fertility Of Uncrossed Animals And Plants From Domestication And Cultivation |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Wonderful Nature Of Inheritance |
| | Pedigrees Of Our Domesticated Animals |
| | Inheritance Not Due To Chance |
| | Trifling Characters Inherited |
| | Peculiarities In The Eye Inherited |
| | Asymmetrical Deviations Of Structure |
| | Polydactylism And Regrowth Of Supernumerary Digits After Amputation |
| | Cases Of Several Children Similarly Affected From Non-Affected Parents |
| | Weak And Fluctuating Inheritance: In Weeping Trees, In Dwarfness, Colour Of Fruit And Flowers |
| | Non-Inheritance In Certain Cases |
| | Inheritance Of Structure And Habits Overborne By Hostile Conditions Of Life, By Incessantly Recurring Variability, And By Reversion |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Enumeration And Description Of The Several Breeds |
| | Variations Of A Remarkable Nature |
| | Osteological Characters: Skull, Lower Jaw, Number Of Vertebr? |
| | Correlation Of Growth: Tongue With Beak; Eyelids And Nostrils With Wattled Skin |
| | Summary On The Points Of Difference In The Several Breeds |
| | Webbed And Feathered Feet |
| | Length Of Feet In Correlation With Length Of Beak |
| | Length Of Sternum, Scapula, And Furculum |
| | Number Of Wing-Feathers And Length Of Wing |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Different Forms Of Reversion |
| | In Pure Or Uncrossed Breeds, As In Pigeons, Fowls, Hornless Cattle And Sheep, In Cultivated Plants |
| | Reversion In Feral Animals And Plants |
| | Reversion In Crossed Varieties And Species |
| | Reversion Through Bud-Propagation, And By Segments In The Same Flower Or Fruit |
| | In Different Parts Of The Body In The Same Animal |
| | The Act Of Crossing A Direct Cause Of Reversion, Various Cases Of, With Instincts |
| | Secondary Sexual Characters |
| | Unequal Development Of The Two Sides Of The Body |
| | Other Proximate Causes Of Reversion |
| | Appearance With Advancing Age Of Characters Derived From A Cross |
| | The Germ, With All Its Latent Characters, A Wonderful Object |
| | Peloric Flowers Due In Some Cases To Reversion |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | On Bud-Variation, And On Certain Anomalous Modes Of Reproduction And Variation |
| | Bud-Variation In The Peach, Plum, Cherry, Vine, Gooseberry, Currant, And Banana, As Shown By The Modified Fruit |
| | In Flowers: Camellias, Azaleas, Chrysanthemums, Roses, Etc |
| | On The Running Of The Colour In Carnations |
| | Variations By Suckers, Tubers, And Bulbs |
| | On The Breaking Of Tulips |
| | Bud-Variations Graduate Into Changes Consequent On Changed Conditions Of Life |
| | On The Segregation Of The Parental Characters In Seminal Hybrids By Bud-Variation |
| | On The Direct Or Immediate Action Of Foreign Pollen On The Mother-Plant |
| | On The Effects Of A Previous Impregnation On The Subsequent Offspring Of Female Animals |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Duck - Goose - Peacock - Turkey - Guinea-Fowl - Canary-Bird - Gold-Fish - Hive-Bees - Silk-Moths |
| | Origin Of Black-Shouldered Breed Turkey, Breeds Of |
| | Crossed With The United States Species |
| | Silk-Moths, Species And Breeds Of |
| | Differences In The Different Races |
| | In The Egg, Caterpillar, And Cocoon States |
| | Inheritance Of Characters |
| | Progress Of Domestication |
| | Origin Of From The Common Wild-Duck |
| | Differences In The Different Breeds |
| | Effects Of Use And Disuse On The Limb-Bones |
| | Guinea-Fowl, Canary-Bird, Gold-Fish, Hive-Bee |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Laws Of Variation, Summary |
| | The Fusion Of Homologous Parts |
| | The Variability Of Multiple And Homologous Parts |
| | Relative Position Of Flowers With Respect To The Axis, And Of Seeds In The Ovary, As Inducing Variation |
| | Analogous Or Parallel Varieties |
| | Summary Of The Three Last Chapters |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Laws Of Variation - Use And Disuse, Etc |
| | Nisus Formativus, Or The Co-Ordinating Power Of The Organisation |
| | On The Effects Of The Increased Use And Disuse Of Organs |
| | Acclimatisation With Animals And Plants |
| | Various Methods By Which This Can Be Effected |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Free Intercrossing Obliterates The Differences Between Allied Breeds |
| | When The Numbers Of Two Commingling Breeds Are Unequal, One Absorbs The Other |
| | The Rate Of Absorption Determined By Prepotency Of Transmission, By The Conditions Of Life, And By Natural Selection |
| | All Organic Beings Occasionally Intercross; Apparent Exceptions |
| | On Certain Characters Incapable Of Fusion; Chiefly Or Exclusively Those Which Have Suddenly Appeared In The Individual |
| | On The Modification Of Old Races, And The Formation Of New Races By Crossing |
| | Some Crossed Races Have Bred True From Their First Production |
| | On The Crossing Of Distinct Species In Relation To The Formation Of Domestic Races |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | On The Good Effects Of Crossing, And On The Evil Effects Of Close Interbreeding |
| | Melons, Fruit-Trees, Peas, Cabbages, Wheat, And Forest-Trees |
| | General Evidence Of The Good Effects Derived From Crossing, And On The Evil Effects Of Close Interbreeding |
| | Cattle, Closely Interbred; Half-Wild Cattle Long Kept In The Same Parks |
| | On Certain Plants Which Either Normally Or Abnormally Are Self-Impotent, But Are Fertile, Both On The Male And Female Side, When Crossed With Distinct Individuals Either Of The Same Or Another Species |
| | On The Increased Size Of Hybrid Plants, Not Exclusively Due To Their Sterility |
| | Plants, General Considerations On The Benefits Derived From Crossing |
| | Augmentation Of Morbid Tendencies |
| | Definition Of Close Interbreeding |
| | Man, Origin Of His Abhorrence Of Incestuous Marriages |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Laws Of Variation - Correlated Variability |
| | Connected With Development |
| | Explanation Of Term Correlation |
| | Modifications Correlated With The Increased Or Decreased Size Of Parts |
| | Correlated Variation Of Homologous Parts |
| | Feathered Feet In Birds Assuming The Structure Of The Wings |
| | Correlation Between The Head And The Extremities |
| | Between The Skin And Dermal Appendages |
| | Between The Organs Of Sight And Hearing |
| | Correlated Modifications In The Organs Of Plants |
| | Skull And Crest Of Feathers |
| | Correlation Between The Skull And Ears |
| | Correlation Of Growth Complicated By The Accumulated Effects Of Natural Selection |
| | Colour As Correlated With Constitutional Peculiarities |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Nature And Causes Of Variability |
| | Divergence And Distinctness Of Character |
| | Circumstances Favourable To Selection By Man |
| | Antiquity Of Certain Races |
| | The Question Whether Each Particular Variation Has Been Specially Preordained |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Cultivated Plants: Cereal And Culinary Plants |
| | Preliminary Remarks On The Number And Parentage Of Cultivated Plants |
| | Doubts On The Number Of Species |
| | Ancient History Of The Varieties |
| | Maize: Great Variation Of |
| | Direct Action Of Climate On |
| | First Steps In Cultivation |
| | Geographical Distribution Of Cultivated Plants |
| | Cabbages: Varieties Of, In Foliage And Stems, But Not In Other Parts |
| | Other Species Of Brassica |
| | Peas: Amount Of Difference In The Several Kinds, Chiefly In The Pods And Seed |
| | Some Varieties Constant, Some Highly Variable |
| | Potatoes: Numerous Varieties Of |
| | Differ Little Except In The Tubers |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Wild Races Of The Rock-Pigeon |
| | Proofs Of The Descent Of The Several Races From Columba Livia |
| | Fertility Of The Races When Crossed |
| | Circumstances Favourable To The Formation Of The Races |
| | On The Aboriginal Parent-Stock Of The Several Domestic Races |
| | Slightly Different Strains Gradually Change Into Well-Marked Breeds |
| | Extinction Of Intermediate Forms |
| | Certain Breeds Remain Permanent, Whilst Others Change |
| | Manner Of Their Formation |
| | Antiquity And History Of The Principal Races |
| | Reversion To The Plumage Of The Wild Rock-Pigeon |
| | Care Taken By Fanciers In Selecting Their Birds |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Plants: Fruits - Ornamental Trees - Flowers |
| | Multiple Origin Of Many Kinds |
| | Variation In Constitutional Peculiarities |
| | Several Species Cultivated |
| | Their Variation In Degree And Kind |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Direct And Definite Action Of The External Conditions Of Life |
| | Conspicuous Modifications From Changed Climate Or Food, Etc |
| | Slight Modifications In Plants From The Definite Action Of Changed Conditions, In Size, Colour, Chemical Properties, And In The State Of The Tissues |
| | Plumage Of Birds Affected By Peculiar Nutriment, And By The Inoculation Of Poison |
| | Modifications Of Organic Beings In A State Of Nature Through The Definite Action Of External Conditions |
| | Comparison Of American And European Trees |
| | Considerations Opposed To The Belief In The Potent Influence Of Changed External Conditions |
| | Amount Of Variation Does Not Correspond With The Degree Of Change In The Conditions |
| | Monstrosities Produced By Unnatural Treatment |
| | Parallel Series Of Varieties |
| | Effects Of Parasitic Fungi |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Pigs Belong To Two Distinct Types, Sus Scrofa And Indicus |
| | Fertility Of Crossed Pigs |
| | Changes In The Skull Of The Highly Cultivated Races |
| | Curious Appendages To The Jaws |
| | Decrease In Size Of The Tusks |
| | Young Pigs Longitudinally Striped |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Summary ... With Remarks On Hybridism |
| | On The Effects Of Crossing |
| | The Influence Of Domestication On Fertility |
| | Good And Evil Results From Changed Conditions Of Life |
| | Varieties When Crossed Not Invariably Fertile |
| | On The Difference In Fertility Between Crossed Species And Varieties |
| | Conclusions With Respect To Hybridism |
| | Light Thrown On Hybridism By The Illegitimate Progeny Of Heterostyled Plants |
| | Sterility Of Crossed Species Due To Differences Confined To The Reproductive System |
| | Not Accumulated Through Natural Selection |
| | Reasons Why Domestic Varieties Are Not Mutually Sterile |
| | Too Much Stress Has Been Laid On The Difference In Fertility Between Crossed Species And Crossed Varieties |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Variation In Their Stones |
| | Singular Results From Crossing |
| | Vary In Odd And Trifling Particulars |
| | Interblending Of The Original Forms |
| | Steady Increase In Size Of The Fruit |
| | THE VARIATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS UNDER DOMESTICATION by CHARLES DARWIN |
| | Ancient Varieties Of The Dog |
| | Fertility Of The Races When Crossed |
| | History Of The Changes Which Certain English Races Of The Dog Have Gradually Undergone Through Selection |
| | Extinction Of The Less Improved Sub-Breeds |
| | Few Important Differences Have Been Fixed By Selection |
| | Differences In The Body, In Constitution |
| | Differences In The Skull And Teeth |
| | Animals Not Acquainted With Man At First Fearless |
| | Differences In The Several Races In Part Due To Descent From Distinct Species |
| | Resemblance Of Domestic Dogs In Various Countries To Native Canine Species |
| | Habit Of Barking Acquired And Lost |
| | Dogs Resembling Wolves And Jackals |
| | Water-Dogs With Palmated Feet |
| |