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The Civil Rights Movement Lecture

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The Civil Rights Movement Lecture

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1 American Communities
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1.1 Montgomery Bus Boycott

1.1.1 Challenge to segregation

1.1.2 Rosa Parks - mother of the Civil Rights Movement, refused to give up seat on public bus


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2 Origins of the Movement
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2.1 Civil Rights after WWII

2.1.1 Wartime production /Mass migration

2.1.2 To Secure These Rights (1947)

2.1.3 Truman & Civil rights

2.1.4 NAACP

2.1.4.1 Legal attack on segregation

2.1.4.2 "Freedom Ride" & CORE

2.1.4.2.1 Congress of Racial Equality

2.1.4.2.2 Robert Kennedy outlawed interstate segregation

2.1.5 Jackie Robinson

Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson (January 31,
1919 – October 24, 1972) became the first African-
American Major League Baseball player of the
modern era in 1947. The Baseball Hall of Fame
inducted Robinson in 1962 and he was a member
of six World Series teams. He earned six
consecutive All-Star Game nominations and won
several awards during his career. In 1947,
Robinson won The Sporting News Rookie of the
Year Award and the first MLB Rookie of the Year
Award Award. Two years later, he was awarded
his first National League MVP Award. In addition
to his accomplishments on the field, Jackie
Robinson was also a forerunner of the Civil Rights
Movement. He was a key figure in the
establishment and growth of the Freedom Bank,
an African-American owned and controlled entity,
in the 1960s. He also wrote a syndicated
newspaper column for a number of years, in
which he was an outspoken supporter of Martin
Luther King Jr. and, to a lesser degree, Malcolm
X.


Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Robinson





2.1.5.1 First Black Major League baseball player

2.1.6 Militancy & "bebop"

2.1.6.1 Bebop was part of new attitude

2.1.6.1.1 Against the watered down jazz that white musicians were playing

2.2 The Segregated South

2.2.1 Plessy v. Ferguson

2.2.1.1 Plessy was convicted of violating the segregation law, had to pay a $300 fine

2.2.1.2 Ruled that the State of Louisiana could control railroad companies within state boundaries

2.2.1.3 "separate but equal"

2.2.1.4 disfranchised blacks

2.3 Brown v. Board of Education

2.3.1 Thurgood Marshall

2.3.1.1 First African American to serve on Supreme Court

2.3.2 Earl Warren

2.3.2.1 Ended the segregation of public schools

2.4 Crisis in Little Rock

2.4.1 Southern resistance

2.4.2 Southern Manifesto

2.4.3 Eisenhower & Federal intervention

2.4.3.1 Brown vs. Topeka

2.4.3.2 Little Rock Nine

2.4.3.2.1 Protect students


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3 No Easy Road to Freedom, 1957-1962
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3.1 Martin Luther King, Jr. & the SCLC

3.1.1 Montgomery Bus Boycott

3.1.1.1 Organized non-violent protests based on Ghandi's philosophy

3.1.2 "nonviolent civil disobedience"

3.1.2.1 passive resistance would provoke segregationists to attack, attract media attention and sympathy

3.1.3 Role of black churches

3.1.4 FBI begins to monitor King

3.2 Sit-Ins: Greensboro, Nashville, Atlanta

3.2.1 White-only lunch counters

3.3 SNCC & the "Beloved Community"

3.3.1 Student militancy

3.3.2 Ella Baker & Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

3.4 Election of 1960 & Civil Rights

3.4.1 Kennedy administration

3.4.1.1 "minimum legislation, maximum executive action"

3.4.2 Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity

3.4.3 Robert F. Kennedy & Justice Department

3.5 Freedom Rides

3.5.1 CORE & James Farmer

3.5.1.1 Farmer along with a group of students co-founded Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

3.5.2 Anniston & Birmingham

3.5.3 Kennedy administration

3.6 Albany Movement: Limits of Protest

3.6.1 SNCC v. NAACP

3.6.2 James Meredith: University of Mississippi

3.6.2.1 First black student at University of Mississippi

3.6.2.2 Sparked riots


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4 Movement at High Tide, 1963-1965
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4.1 Movement at High Tide, 1963-1965

4.1.1 Martin Luther King, Jr. & SCLC

4.1.2 "Bull" Connor & National television

4.1.2.1 Southern police offical who was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, advocate of racial segregation

4.1.2.2 Used police attack dogs and fire hoses - shown on TV and catalyst for social change

4.1.2.3 Ironically, he helped the cause of desegregation and the civil rights movement overall, by the use of inhuman tactics

4.1.2.4 Power of TV/media

4.2 JFK & the March on Washington

4.2.1 George Wallace & University of Alabama

4.2.2 JFK on national television

4.2.3 Medgar Evers' murder

4.2.3.1 assassinated by white supremacist

4.2.4 Civil rights unity

4.2.4.1 Medgar's death brought national attention

4.2.5 August 28, 1963 & Martin Luther King, Jr.

4.2.6 Kennedy supported the civil rights movement than his opponent, Nixon

4.3 LBJ & the Civil Rights Act of 1964

4.4 Mississippi Freedom Summer

4.4.1 Black voter registration

4.5 Malcolm X & Black Consciousness

4.5.1 Black nationalism & Nation of Islam

4.5.2 Pilgrimage to Mecca

4.5.3 Legacy of Black Power

4.5.3.1 Black Panthers

4.5.3.2 Huey P. Newton

4.5.3.3 Bobby Seale

4.6 Selma & the Voting Rights Act of 1965

4.6.1 Election of 1964

4.6.2 Voter registration

4.6.3 "Bloody Sunday

4.6.3.1 Selma-to-Montgomery March for voting rights

4.6.3.2 Two days later on March 9, Martin Luther King, Jr., leads "symbolic" march to the very same bridge where the attacks occurred


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5 Civil Rights Beyond Black & White
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5.1 Mexican Americans & Mexican Immigrants

5.1.1 LULAC

5.1.2 Bracero ('unskilled laborer') program

5.2 Puerto Ricans

5.2.1 Jones Act of 1917

5.2.1.1 Jones-Shafroth Act., law giving Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship

5.3 Japanese Americans

5.3.1 California & JACL

5.3.1.1 Created in 1929 to fight discrimination of citizens of Japanese ancestry

5.3.2 Immigration & Nationality Act (1952)

5.4 Native Americans

5.4.1 Policy of "termination"

5.4.2 United States v. Wheeler

5.4.2.1 Navajo tribe

5.5 Remaking the Golden Door

5.5.1 Immigration & Nationality Act of 1965